Modern treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Systemic therapy is recommended for patients with intermediate disease who are not suitable for local therapies or whose disease has progressed despite this local therapy (BCLC B), as well as for patients with advanced HCC and good liver function (BCLC C).

Modern systemic treatment of HCC primarily involves immunotherapy (IT), which is why we will review it below, with a few practical topics such as contraindications to therapeutic anticoagulation during bevacizumab treatment, unjustified anticoagulation due to portal vein tumor thrombus, drug holiday and rechallenge issues during immunotherapy (IT).