The modern treatment of testicular germ cell tumors

The incidence of testicular germ cell tumors represents 1% of adult neoplasms. The exact causes are not known, but cryptorchidism has been proven to increase the risk, and genetic testing is ongoing. Therapy is based on precise clinical and pathological classification. After the introduction of cisplatin therapy, the survival rate significantly improved even in far-advanced cases. This review outlines the treatment of testicular germ cell tumors according to histological and TNM classification, following international guidelines. After therapy, follow-up is necessary to monitor for disease recurrence or late toxicity.