Targeted therapy of the clear cell renal cancer

The renal cell cancer is among the ten most frequent cancers in developed countries. Its inci dence rate continuously increased until recently. On the other hand, survival parameters of renal cell cancer patients considerably improved in the last decade due to early diagnosis and developments in the treatment of irresectable disease. Huge progress had been made in understanding of the biological background of this chemo- and radiotherapy resistant disease, leading to the introduction of drugs in first and further line treatment acting on VEGF and mTOR signal transduction pathways. Simultaneously, the era of widespread cytokine treatments had been ended. Recent studies had ensured the introduction of several drugs with new mechanism of action (MET, AXL; FGFR, PD-1 inhibition) into the therapy; these new advances completely changed the treatment landscape of RCC further improving progression free and overall survival. In this publication a review of data regarding the targeted treatment of clear cell renal cancer will be provided and as of our recent knowledge therapeutic positions of different drugs used will be discussed.