Therapy of endometrial cancer – an update

Endometrial cancer is the most frequent gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. Recently, there is a signifi cant increase of incidence caused by epidemic obesity. While the etiology of endometrial cancer can be heterogeneous, the effective therapy should be rather personalized. The primary therapy of endometrial cancer is operative. The recommended surgery is total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Management of pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy is supported by the latest international recommendations, except cases of low-risk tumors (stage I/A, grade 1 or 2, endometrioid type, diameter of tumor <2 cm). Method of adjuvant therapy, especially in developed stages, is still controversial. Effi cacy of postoperative irradiation, chemotherapy and chemoirradiation is under investigation by several ongoing studies. Recurrent endometrial cancer has bad prognosis, the best solution in this case is chemotherapy. In recent years targeted therapy (especially antiangiogenetic drugs, mTORinhibitors and hormontherapy) gave us some promising results. Around 80% of endometrial cancers can be diagnosed at early stages and cured with effi cacy. Unfortunately, there is a group of tumors with bad prognosis, low differentiation, or recurrency, which can be a real challenge for clinicians. In this review we discuss the latest and most promising studies and scientifi c results in connection with treatment of high-risk endometrial cancers.