Role of biomarkers and based on driven treatment of gastrointestinal cancers

Remarkable advancements in techniques of genomic profiling and bioinformatics have led to the precision medicine in oncology approach, targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors achieved radically change in treatment efficacy based on accumulation of knowledge on the genomic profiles of gastrointestinal tract cancer (GI). Advanced or disseminated poor risk GI cancer patients have had a better chance for that progression free and/or overall survival. Highly effective treatment needs to incorporate numerous molecular characteristic into clinics – expression of PD-L1, MSI (micro satellite instability)/dMMR (defective mismatch repair), TMB (tumor mutation burden), resistance mutation, insertions/deletions and other genomic alterations. This review aims to summarize predictive and prognostic biomarkers might suggested for precision oncology treatment of GI cancers.